The Coast Salish and Muckleshoot had long absorbed other peoples into their tribes and have had multi-racial descendants. The 2000 census reported a resident population of 3,606 on reservation land, with 28.65 percent reported solely Native American heritage. They have an approximate population of more than 3,000, making the Muckleshoot one of the largest Native American tribes in Washington State. Most Muckleshoot now live on or near the 15.871 km² (6.128 sq mi) Muckleshoot Reservation. The tribe has an active program for its preservation and resuscitation. Most Muckleshoot today do not speak their ancestral language, but some do. They spoke Whulshootseed, a local form of Lushootseed. Traditionally, the ancestors of the Muckleshoot lived along the eastern shores of Washington State's Puget Sound region and the adjacent rivers of the Cascade Range.
They were also known as the Green River Indians, related to their territory.) - They lived in the central Green River Valley, mostly above the former confluence near present-day Auburn.
Skopamish (Skop-ABSH / Skwohp-AHBSH) ("The People of the variable stream" or "Green ('fluctuating') River People".Smulkamish / Smalhkamish ("People of White River", named after the term that referred to the former course of the Upper White River) - They lived in villages on the present Muckleshoot Indian Reservation and near present-day Enumclaw).Stkamish / Skekomish (Steq-ABSH) ("People of the log jam", named after the village Steq ("log jam") on the White (now Green) River in the Kent vicinity, the people of Steq were the Steq-ABSH Settlers and government officials anglicized "Steq-ABSH" into Stkamish and applied the term to all villages between Auburn and Renton Junction, also known as White River Indians).Upper Puyallup (River) people: Puyallup ( Spuyaləpabš or S’Puyalupubsh) bands along the Upper Puyallup River.dukʷalbixʷ / Sduqwalbixw) - they lived along the Tolt River and the Snoqualmie River).Xacuabš ("People of the Large Lake ( Lake Washington)", also known as hah-choo-AHBSH - "people of HAH-choo", meaning 'a large lake', referring to what is known today as Lake Washington).Dxʷ'Dəw?Abš / Dkhw'Duw'Absh ("People of the Inside (the environs of Elliott Bay)", also known as doo-AHBSH - "People of the Doo, i.e.Duwamish - this people formed two bands before the mid-1850s.Buklshuhls (later known as Muckleshoot) ( buklshuhls - "from a high point from which you can see", which probably referred to a lookout site between the White and Green rivers) - they lived along the White River, from present-day Kent eastwards to the mountains and eventually to the Green River.Tribal distribution map by Leslie Spier (1936) They organized a government in 1936 the tribe is composed of intermarried descendants of various tribal groups who inhabited Central Puget Sound and occupied the Green and White rivers' watershed, from the rivers' confluence in present-day Auburn to their headwaters in the Cascades. The federally recognized Muckleshoot Indian Tribe is a group that formed post-Treaty, made up of related peoples who shared territory and later a reservation near Auburn. Since the mid-19th century, their reservation is located in the area of Auburn, Washington, about 15 miles (24 km) northeast of the port of Tacoma and 35 miles (55 km) southeast of Seattle, another major port. They are descendants of the Duwamish and Puyallup peoples whose traditional territory was located along the Green and White rivers, including up to the headwaters in the foothills of the Cascade Mountains, in present-day Washington State. The Muckleshoot (Lushootseed: bəqəlšuł) are a Lushootseed-speaking Indian tribe, part of the Coast Salish peoples of the Pacific Northwest.
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